Efficient Parking Solutions

for Last-Mile Delivery

Efficient Parking Solutions

for Last-Mile Delivery

Efficient Parking Solutions

for Last-Mile Delivery

Introduction

Project Summary

Project Summary

For my Master’s project, I led the Waypoint initiative to optimize last-mile delivery. We focused on parking suggestions, detailed delivery instructions, and real-time communication to streamline the process.

For my Master’s project, I led the Waypoint initiative to optimize last-mile delivery. We focused on parking suggestions, detailed delivery instructions, and real-time communication to streamline the process.

REASONS

Background

Background

Living in the city, you’ve probably had those moments
1. When you get a notification that your package has been delivered,
but it’s nowhere to be found.
2. Or times, when the courier couldn’t leave it at your door, so you end up making a trip to the post office or a pickup center to get it yourself.

I initiated a project to reduce the frequency of these issues.

Living in the city, you’ve probably had those moments
1. When you get a notification that your package has been delivered,
but it’s nowhere to be found.
2. Or times, when the courier couldn’t leave it at your door, so you end up making a trip to the post office or a pickup center to get it yourself.

I initiated a project to reduce the frequency of these issues.

RESEARCH

Why it does happen?

Why it does happen?

I interviewed delivery drivers to understand why these experiences occur and explore ways to minimize them.


The delivery process is generally divided into five key stages:

  1. Scheduling Delivery Block

  1. Picking up packages from Local Hub

  2. Loading Packages in an order of delivery

  3. Navigating to Delivery Location

  4. Completing Deliveries


However, 92% of drivers experience delays more than sometimes.

I interviewed delivery drivers to understand why these experiences occur and explore ways to minimize them.


The delivery process is generally divided into five key stages:

  1. Scheduling Delivery Block

  1. Picking up packages from Local Hub

  2. Loading Packages in an order of delivery

  3. Navigating to Delivery Location

  4. Completing Deliveries


However, 92% of drivers experience delays more than sometimes.

Scheduling

Delivery Block

Scheduling

Delivery Block

Picking Up Packages

from Local Hub

Picking Up Packages

from Local Hub

Loading Packages

in an order of delivery

Loading Packages

in an order of delivery

Navigating to

Delivery Location

Navigating to

Delivery Location

Navigating to

Delivery Location

Completing

Deliveries

Completing

Deliveries

Completing

Deliveries

I took further research what is the biggest challenge the drivers face when delivering goods on time.


  1. Traffic and congestion (e.g., getting stuck in heavy traffic or roadblocks)

  2. Lack of optimized routes (e.g., the app or GPS doesn’t give the fastest route, or you need to reroute yourself)

  3. Not enough drivers to cover deliveries

  4. Customer location issues (e.g., hard-to-find addresses, apartment buildings with no clear delivery instructions)


57% of drivers mentioned that there were issues related to customer location, and there are 3 main jobs to be done until the delivery will be completed.

I took further research what is the biggest challenge the drivers face when delivering goods on time.


  1. Traffic and congestion (e.g., getting stuck in heavy traffic or roadblocks)

  2. Lack of optimized routes (e.g., the app or GPS doesn’t give the fastest route, or you need to reroute yourself)

  3. Not enough drivers to cover deliveries

  4. Customer location issues (e.g., hard-to-find addresses, apartment buildings with no clear delivery instructions)


57% of drivers mentioned that there were issues related to customer location, and there are 3 main jobs to be done until the delivery will be completed.

1

1

Finding a Parking Spot

and Unloading

Finding a Parking Spot

and Unloading

Finding a Parking Spot

and Unloading

2

2

Accessing to the Entrance with passwords

Accessing to the Entrance with passwords

Accessing to the Entrance with passwords

3

3

Navigating and Walking to the Drop-Off Location

Navigating and Walking to the Drop-Off Location

Navigating and Walking to the Drop-Off Location

Click to See the Survey Details

Click to See the Survey Details

Help delivery drivers

reduce delays by quickly finding parking

and navigating drop-off locations?

Help delivery drivers

reduce delays by quickly finding parking

and navigating drop-off locations?

Help delivery drivers

reduce delays by quickly finding parking

and navigating drop-off locations?

PERSONA

PERSONA

An urban gig
delivery driver

An urban gig
delivery driver

Stephen (late 20s)

Stephen (late 20s)

Experience :

1 year, primarily working with gig economy

Location :

A densely populated urban area.

Work Pattern :

Flexible, picks up delivery jobs during free hours

"I love the flexibility of delivery work,
but finding parking and dealing with unclear instructions can turn a simple delivery into a real headache.

If I could streamline those parts, I'd be able to do more jobs and make my time worthwhile."

GOAL

GOAL

  • Maximizing Earnings by reducing delays

  • Reduce stress associated with parking and finding
    drop-off points

  • Maximizing Earnings by reducing delays

  • Reduce stress associated with parking and finding
    drop-off points

Frustration

Frustration

Parking Struggles

Parking Struggles

Often spends excessive time searching for parking in busy urban areas, which significantly delays his deliveries and adds unnecessary stress

Finding Unclear Drop-off Location

Finding Unclear Drop-off Location

Navigating complex buildings and dealing with unresponsive customers make it difficult for Stephen to find the exact drop-off location, leading to further delays and frustration.

RESARCH & DIRECTION

RESARCH & DIRECTION

Comparing Solution

Comparing Solution

I compared delivery solutions and found app design the most effective. It enables immediate deployment, scalability, and seamless integration without infrastructure constraints.

I compared delivery solutions and found app design the most effective. It enables immediate deployment, scalability, and seamless integration without infrastructure constraints.

Immediate Deployment

Cost-Effective

Wide Coverage

Comprehensive

Immediate Deployment

Cost-Effective

Wide Coverage

Comprehensive

Physical Infrastructure

Automated Delivery

Navigation Assistant Application

Navigation Assistant Application

GATHER IDEAS

GATHER IDEAS

Brainstorming

Brainstorming

Sub Idea 1

Sub Idea 1

AI-Based Drop-Off Instruction Generator

Sub Idea 1

Sub Idea 1

Real-time In-App Messaging

Real-time In-App Messaging

Main Stream Idea

Main Stream Idea

Real-time Parking Availability

Real-time Parking Availability

Rough Visuals for Ideas

Rough Visuals for Ideas

Flows &

Idea Sketches

Flows &

Idea Sketches

Flow 1

Parking Suggestion

Help drivers find parking quickly and efficiently near the delivery location

Flow 1

Parking Suggestion

Help drivers find parking quickly and efficiently near the delivery location

Flow 1

Parking Suggestion

Help drivers find parking quickly and efficiently near the delivery location

Flow 2

Walking Navigation to the Drop-Off Location

Flow 2

Walking Navigation to the Drop-Off Location

Flow 2

Walking Navigation to the Drop-Off Location

Flow 3

Communication and Troubleshooting

Flow 3

Communication and Troubleshooting

Flow 3

Communication and Troubleshooting

Low-FI DESIGN

Key Screen
Wireframes

Key Screen
Wireframes

I enhanced the step-by-step interaction process using a wireframe, making sure that key elements seamlessly supported the primary objectives of each step.

I enhanced the step-by-step interaction process using a wireframe, making sure that key elements seamlessly supported the primary objectives of each step.

Click to See more Wireframes

HI-FI DESIGN

HI-FI DESIGN

Final Design

Final Design

Flow 1

Parking Suggestion

Flow 2

Walking Instruction to Drop-off Location

Flow 3

Communication & Trouble Shooting

Retrospective

Retrospective

Expected Result

Expected Result

I designed Waypoint to streamline deliveries, enhance customer trust, and scale efficiently. It optimizes routes, reduces delays, and improves communication, benefiting both drivers and customers.

I designed Waypoint to streamline deliveries, enhance customer trust, and scale efficiently. It optimizes routes, reduces delays, and improves communication, benefiting both drivers and customers.

Waypoint reduces parking search time, optimizes routes, and enhances communication for faster deliveries, boosting driver satisfaction.

Waypoint reduces parking search time, optimizes routes, and enhances communication for faster deliveries, boosting driver satisfaction.

  1. Improved Efficiency and Driver Retention

  1. Improved Efficiency and Driver Retention

  1. Increased Customer Satisfaction

  1. Increased Customer Satisfaction

Faster, reliable deliveries and communication enhance customer experience, fostering trust.

Faster, reliable deliveries and communication enhance customer experience, fostering trust.

  1. Scalable, Future-Ready Solution

  1. Scalable, Future-Ready Solution

Waypoint adapts to urban environments and scales across regions, offering flexibility for logistical challenges and market growth.

Waypoint adapts to urban environments and scales across regions, offering flexibility for logistical challenges and market growth.

STYLE GUIDE

Design Components and Items

Design Components

and Items

Color

Color

Core

Core

Primary Black

BK - #060B0D

Primary Black

Primary White

WH - #F4F4F4

Accent

GR - #0FF26A

Positive

BL - #3368FF

Warning

BL - #3368FF

Negative

R - #3368FF

Background

Background

Primary

BK - #060B0D

Secondary

GR - #1F2938

Tertiary

GR - #00664F

Typography

Typography

Aa

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

0123456789

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU

Manrope

Heading-M

Weight: Bold

Size: 24px

Line height: 32px

Size: 24px

Heading-S

Weight: Bold

Size: 20px

Line height: 28px

Paragraph-M

Weight: Regular

Weight: Regular

Size: 16px

Size: 16px

Line height: 24px

Paragraph-S

Weight: Regular

Size: 14px

Line height: 20px

Label-L

Weight: SemiBold

Size: 18px

Line height: 28px

Label-M

Weight: SemiBold

Size: 14px

Line height: 20px

Label-S

Weight: SemiBold

Size: 12px

Line height: 18px

Component

Component

Button

Button

Primary Button

Secondary Button

Tertiary Button

Tab Bar

Tab Bar

Home

Delivery

Support

Profile

Home

Delivery

Support

Profile

Navigation Info

Navigation Info

Taylor St

California st

toward

Redirect to available parking.

Cancel

Taylor St

California st

toward

Bottom Sheet

Bottom Sheet

Total 1.5hr ・12 Locations

20 Packages

Start

1

1190 Sacramento St.

1

2

1190 Sacramento St.

1

3

1190 Sacramento St.

1

4

1190 Sacramento St.

1

5

1190 Sacramento St.

1

Thanks for watching my project:)

Thanks for watching my project:)

I'm very comfortable talking about how to solve the problems, design process,
meaningful user impact, and also I love to listen your opinions as well!

I'm very comfortable talking about how to solve the problems, design process,
meaningful user impact, and also I love to listen your opinions as well!

Feel Free to contact Me

I’m thrilled you’re here!

Let’s connect

© 2025 Ahra Jo

Made with care and plenty of tea

I’m thrilled you’re here!

Let’s connect

© 2025 Ahra Jo

Made with care and plenty of tea

I’m thrilled you’re here!

Let’s connect

© 2025 Ahra Jo

Made with care and plenty of tea